History Timeline


	3800	Adam & Eve
	2100	Noah & the Flood
	1800	Abraham
	1700	Isaac
	1650	Jacob/Esau
Biblical	1550	Joseph Sold - Famine forces Israelites to migrate to Egypt
Times	1425	Slavery in Egypt
Up to	1400	Moses
538 BC	1300	Exodus, Mt. Sinai - 40 years:
		Israelites settle in land of Israel
	1020	The Kings period - Jewish Monarchy established:
		Saul conquers Philistines - Saul becomes King of Israel
	1000	David conquers Jerusalem - becomes King of Israel:
		David makes Jerusalem Capital of Israelite Kingdom
		Ark of the Covenant housed on Temple Mount
	960	Solomon becomes King and expands the Israelite Kingdom
	950	First Temple Completed by Solomon
	930	Solomon dies - Kingdom divided:
		Judah/Benjamin to South; 10 tribes Israelites to North
	720	Assyrians destroy Northern Kingdom of Israel:
		Exiled Jews become known as the 10 Lost Tribes
	586	First Temple and Jerusalem Destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar:
		Babylonian captivity - Most Jews exiled to Babylonia (current day Iraq)



Persian	538-515	Persians defeat Babylonians:
Rule		Jews are freed and return from Babylonia, Temple rebuilt
538-333		Jews go to Acre, Gaza



	332	Alexander the Great conquers Persia - start of Hellinistic Rule
Hellenistic	312	Ptolmy I captures Jeruslaem - jews go in to Diaspora
(Greek)	175	Antiochus IV - sharper conflict
Rule	165	Hanukah - Judas Maccabeus - Maccabean (Hasmonean) revolt
332-142		Repeal of anti-jewish Laws
		Hasmonean Kingdom begins


Hasmonean
Period	142-63	Jewish autonomy & independence under Hasmonian rule
142-63


	63	Pompey, Roman General captures Jerusalem
	63	Herod, Roman vassal King rules Land of Israel
	18	Herod rebuilds Temple - extensive building evrywhere
	4	Herod Dies - Kingdom divided in 3 parts
	0
	20	Tiberias founded on the ruins of a jewish Village
Roman	33	Jesus dies
Rule	66	Jews revolt against Rome
63 BC	70	Titus destroys Jerusalem and Second Temple
to	73	Massada Falls
313 AD	80	Rabbi Akiva
	132-135	Bar Kochba Rebellion against Rome:
		Jewish leader, Bar Kochba leads 2nd revolt vs. Rome. Jews badly defeated. Romans rename land "Palestine" after the Jews historic enemy, the Phillistines to destroy all memory of Jewish State
	210	Mishna compiled (codification of Jewish Oral law)
	324	Constatine the Great reunites Roman Empire - Churches built everywhere
	306	Christianity declared state religion of Roman Empire


Byzantine	390	Jerusalem Talmud (Commentary on the Mishna)
Roman/Greek	416	Babylonian Talmud
Rule	476	Fall of Rome , end of Byzantine Rule
313-636	622	Mohammad flees from mecca to medina


	636	Arab Caliphs (Persia) defeat Byzantines, conquer jerusalem:
		Jews and Christains tolerated
Arab	691	Dome of the Rock built on site of Temple & were Mohammed ascended
Rule	1004	Al-Hakim (Caliph) persecutes non-Musiems
636-1099	1009	Church oif the holy Sepulchre destroyed
	1040	Rashi (Biblical & Talmudic comentaries
	1066	William the Conquerer - England
	1096	First Crusade starts (Italian, French) to protect holy places


	1099	Crusaders capture Jerusalem - kill Jews and Muslims
	1131	Maimonides/Rambam
Crusader	1147	Second Crusade - Louis VII
Domination	1189	Third Crusade - Barbarosa (Roman)
1099-1291	1215	Magna Carta
	1270	Seventh Crusade - Louis IX
	1290	Expulsion of Jews from England


Malmuk	1291	Marmelukes (Turkey) rules Jerusalem
(Turkey)	1394	Expulsion of Jews from France
Rule	1492	Expulsion of Jews from Spain
1291-1516


	1516	Ottoman Turks conquer Palestine
	1564	Joseph Caro - safed (Shulchan Aruch) (Code of Jewih Law)
	1569	Isaac Luria - Kabbalah - Safed
Ottoman	1806	End of holy Roamn Empire (Napoleon)
(Turkey)	1815	German Jewish migration to U.S.
Rule	1861	U.S. Civil War
1516-1917	1882-1903	First Aliyah (large scale wave of immigration) - Russian Jews to Israel
	1897	First Zionist Congress convened by Theodore Herzl in Switzerland
	1904-1914	Second Aliyah - Russia & Poland
	1909	First Kibbutz (Degania) & Tel Aviv founded
	1914	World War I - Turkey aligns with Germany, Austria, Hungary


	1917	British defeat Turks and capture Jerusalem
	1917	Balfour Declaration
	1919-1923	Third Aliyah (russia)
British	1920	Haganah founded (Jewish paramilitary organization)
Rule	1922	League of Nations gives England mandate over Palestine:
1917-1948		3/4 to Trans Jordan, 1/4 to Jewish state
	1924-1932	Fourth Aliyah (Poland)
	1933	Hitler
	1933-1939	Fifth Aliyah (Germany)
	1939-1945	World War II: Holocaust
	1941	Palmach (strike force of Haganah) founded
	1947	Dead Sea Scrolls discovered
	1947	UN proposes establishment of Arab and Jewish states


	1948	End of British Mandate (May 14); State of Israel proclaimed
	1948	Israel invaded by five Arab states (May 15)
	1948	Israel Defens Forces (IDF) established
	1948	War of Independence (May 1948-July 1949)
	1949	Armistice Agreements signed with Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon
Israel	1949	Jerusalem divided under Israeli & Jordanian rule
Independence	1948-1952	Mass immigration from Europe And Arab countries
1948	1956	Sinai Campaign: Egypt closes Suez Canal & access to Red Sea
		Israel attacks military bases and captures Sinai Peninsula and Gaza
		Israel withdraws from Sinai and Gaza acceding to U.S. pressure
	1964	PLO (Palestinian Liberation Organization) established in Cairo
	1965	Fatah, main faction of PLO beagn terrorist attacks against Israeli civilians
	1967	6 Day War: Egypt, Syria mobilize forces on Israeli border
		Egypt removes UN peace force and blockades to Red Sea
		Israel makes pre-emptive strike, capturing Golan Heights, Sinai, and Gaza
		Jordan attacks Israel; Israel captures the West Bank and East Jerusalem
	1973	Yom Kippur War: Egypt and Syria attack Israel
		Israel captures more Syrian land which it subsequently withdraws from
	1979	Egypt signs Peace Treaty, Israel returns Sinai Peninsula to Egypt
	1982	Lebanon War: Israel attacks PLO from border, destroys Syrian missiles
	1984	Ethiopia Jews flown to Israel
	1987	Intifada - widespread civilian violence in Israeli administered areas
	1990	Soviet Jews immigrate to Israel
	1994	Jordan signs peace treaty